
Supranormal Profits in Manufacturing and Real Options Theory
In this part of the article, I follow closely the exposition of the valuation formulas in the Financial Theory and Corporate Policy textbook by Copeland, Weston and Shastri.

In this part of the article, I follow closely the exposition of the valuation formulas in the Financial Theory and Corporate Policy textbook by Copeland, Weston and Shastri.

Interest stripping is a tax technique where a company uses high-interest, intercompany debt to shift profits from high-tax jurisdictions to low-tax jurisdictions, by creating significant deductible expenses for the borrowing entity of the MNE.

Introduction When applying the Comparable Profits Methods (CPM), Return on Assets (ROA) is often used as a Profit Level Indicator (PLI) to establish, in principle, the arm’s length price for a related party transaction. In general, this PLI is given…